Hyaluronic acid lip augmentation and its effect on human identification by cheiloscopy: a case report / Preenchimento labial com ácido hialurônico e suas implicações na identificação humana através da queiloscopia: relato de caso

A queiloscopia é uma técnica de identificação humana que consiste em estudar os lábios e suas características, como a espessura, a disposição da comissura labial, a posição dos sulcos e suas classificações, bem como o registro das impressões produzidas por eles em vários suportes. O aumento dos lábios com preenchedores de ácido hialurônico (AH) se tornou muito popular nos últimos anos, principalmente após inclusão da harmonização facial como especialidade odontológica. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se o preenchimento labial com AH tem implicações no estudo queiloscópico, por meio de um relato de caso clínico. Paciente do sexo feminino, 37 anos, leucoderma, participou do estudo. Foi realizado o registro fotográfico e tomadas as medidas de espessura labial, disposição da comissura labial e obtenção das impressões labiais com auxílio de batom, antes do preenchimento labial, 15 dias após aplicação de 1 ml de AH e 15 dias após completos 2 ml de preenchimento com AH. Os resultados do estudo sugerem que o preenchimento labial com AH pode interferir no método queiloscópico, pois houve alteração da arquitetura dos lábios, da disposição da comissura labial, melhorou contorno, arco do cupido e filtro, com mudança significativa na espessura dos lábios superior e inferior de aproximadamente 42% em relação ao volume anterior. Quanto ao padrão dos sulcos labiais, não houve alteração nos desenhos, no entanto, a qualidade da impressão labial foi afetada devido ao efeito produzido pelo AH

Cheiloscopy is a human identification technique that consists of studying the lips and their characteristics, such as their thickness, the arrangement of the labial commissure, the position of the grooves and their classifications, as well as recording the impressions produced by them on various supports. Lip augmentation with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers has become very popular in recent years, especially since facial harmonization was included as a dental specialty. The aim of this study was to verify whether lip fillers with HA have implications for cheiloscopic studies, by means of a clinical case report. A 37-year-old female patient with leukoderma took part in the study. Photographs were taken and measurements of lip thickness, lip commissure layout and lipstick impressions were taken before the lip filler, 15 days after the application of 1 ml of HA and 15 days after the full 2 ml of HA filler. The results of the study suggest that lip filling with HA can interfere with the cheiloscopic method, as there was a change in the architecture of the lips, the layout of the labial commissure, improved contour, cupid's bow and filter, with a significant change in the thickness of the upper and lower lips of approximately 42% in relation to the previous volume. As for the pattern of the lip furrows, there was no change in the designs, however, the quality of the lip impression was affected due to the effect produced by the HA

Periodontitis in individuals with few remaining teeth and a high gingival bleeding index increases the probability of dyslipidemia.

BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia, a silent multifactorial condition, is characterized by changes in blood lipid levels, affecting all socioeconomic strata, increasing the risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study investigated whether there is an association between dyslipidemia and the combined exposure of periodontitis plus the number of remaining teeth, gingival bleeding, or caries. METHODS: A two-center cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1270 individuals, with a minimum age of 18 years. Socioeconomic and demographic data, health conditions, lifestyle parameters, and anthropometric, biochemical, and oral clinical examinations were performed. The exposures considered were the presence of periodontitis, dental caries, number of remaining teeth, and gingival bleeding. The outcome was dyslipidemia as defined by the Brazilian Guidelines on Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Atherosclerosis. The combined associations between periodontitis plus other oral health conditions and dyslipidemia were estimated using confounder-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRsingle , PRmultiple , for single and multiple covariable adjustments) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), in a Poisson regression model with robust variance. RESULTS: The occurrence of dyslipidemia was 70.1% and periodontitis was 84.1%. A positive association between periodontitis and dyslipidemia existed: PRsingle  = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01-1.26. Combined exposure of periodontitis plus <11 remaining teeth (PRmultiple  = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.05-1.43), as well as combined exposure of periodontitis plus ≥10% gingival bleeding and <11 remaining teeth (PRmultiple  = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03-1.44), represented greater probabilities of 23% and 22% of individuals having a diagnosis of dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION: Periodontitis combined with fewer than 11 teeth doubled the likelihood of being diagnosed with dyslipidemia.

Obesity in young women is positively associated with periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the association between excess body weight and periodontitis in adults, stratified by sex and age, and using different criteria for obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Enrolled in the study were 345 individuals with a minimum age of 18 years who had attended the Public Health Service in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. All individuals underwent a complete periodontal examination and anthropometric measurements and answered a questionnaire regarding their socioeconomic, demographic, health, and lifestyle conditions. Excess body weight (exposure factor) was defined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained by Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. RESULTS: Periodontitis was found in 74.2% of study participants, with the disease being more prevalent among those individuals with increased WC. The occurrence of overweight was 44.4% and that of obesity ranged from 29.9 to 70.8%, dependent upon the specific definition of obesity that was used. There was a positive association between obesity (WC > 88 cm) and periodontitis only among women, after adjustment for age, smoking habit, education level, diabetes, and family income (PRadjusted: 1.20; 95%CI: [1.01-1.44]). The magnitude of this positive association was higher among women aged 18 to 49 years when the outcome was severe periodontitis, and the exposure was obesity defined by WC. CONCLUSIONS: The findings draw attention to the high frequency of the diseases investigated: overweight, obesity and periodontitis. Moreover, obesity was positively associated with periodontitis in women and younger individuals, demonstrating that among those with obesity, there is a higher probability of having periodontitis. The smaller number study of men in the may have influenced the non-statistically significant association found in that group. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Obese females and younger people are more likely to also have periodontitis. Periodontal evaluation and clinical management of individuals with obesity is recommended.